Hypothalamic Amenorrhea: Causes, Complications, & Controversies

Authors

  • Taylor Collins Drexel University
  • Krista L Rompolski Drexel University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v6i1.288

Keywords:

Hypothalamic amenorrhea, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, Hypoestrogenism, Leptin, Female Athlete Triad

Abstract

Hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA) is considered a reversible condition characterized by the absence of menses for 3 months or more, due to suppressed secretions of gonadotropin releasing hormone affecting the entire hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. HA can be triggered by excessive stress, weight loss or excessive exercise, however, the etiology is still largely unknown. Serious, long-term complications include severe hypoestrogenism and infertility, in addition to a variety of hormonal aberrations. Hypoestrogenism also leads to diminished bone health, cardiovascular problems, and mood changes that lead to a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety. It is important that HA is diagnosed in a timely manner in order to begin therapeutic strategies that aim to resume menses and return to normal levels of circulating reproductive hormones. When attempts to resume menstruation naturally through lifestyle changes are unsuccessful, other pharmaceutical options are available. Treatment options range from estrogen-replacement therapy to the administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone, depending on the reproductive goals of the woman. More research is needed on novel treatments in order to determine the most effective standard of care.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Taylor Collins, Drexel University

BS, Department of Health Sciences, Class of 2015

Krista L Rompolski, Drexel University

Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Health Sciences

Published

05-23-2017

How to Cite

Collins, T., & Rompolski, K. L. (2017). Hypothalamic Amenorrhea: Causes, Complications, & Controversies. Journal of Student Research, 6(1), 24-32. https://doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v6i1.288

Issue

Section

Review Articles